生成足迹（结构元素）

此示例演示如何使用skimage.morphology中的函数生成用于形态学运算的足迹（结构元素）。每个图的标题指示了函数的调用。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

from skimage.morphology import (
    footprint_rectangle,
    diamond,
    disk,
    octahedron,
    ball,
    octagon,
    star,
)

# Generate 2D and 3D structuring elements.
struc_2d = {
    "square 15x15": footprint_rectangle((15, 15)),
    "rectangle 15x10": footprint_rectangle((15, 10)),
    "diamond(7)": diamond(7),
    "disk(7)": disk(7),
    "octagon(7, 4)": octagon(7, 4),
    "star(5)": star(5),
}

struc_3d = {
    "cube 11x11x11": footprint_rectangle((11, 11, 11)),
    "octahedron(5)": octahedron(5),
    "ball(5)": ball(5),
}

# Visualize the elements.
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))

idx = 1
for title, struc in struc_2d.items():
    ax = fig.add_subplot(3, 3, idx)
    ax.imshow(struc, cmap="Paired", vmin=0, vmax=12)
    for i in range(struc.shape[0]):
        for j in range(struc.shape[1]):
            ax.text(j, i, struc[i, j], ha="center", va="center", color="w")
    ax.set_axis_off()
    ax.set_title(title)
    idx += 1

for title, struc in struc_3d.items():
    ax = fig.add_subplot(3, 3, idx, projection=Axes3D.name)
    ax.voxels(struc)
    ax.set_title(title)
    idx += 1

fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()